Invoice

Short description: An invoice is a financial document issued by a seller to a buyer during the sale of goods or services.

Learn more: The invoice includes a list of services, their characteristics, terms of the transaction and information about its participants. An extract of the document indicates that the subject of the transaction has been transferred to the buyer, and he has an obligation to pay according to the specified conditions.

 An invoice typically includes the following information:

1. Seller and Buyer Information: Names of the companies, addresses, and contact details.

2. Issue Date: The date the invoice is created.

3. Invoice Number: A unique identifier for the document.

4. Description of Goods or Services: Name, quantity, unit price, and total amount.

5. Payment Terms: Due dates and methods of payment.

6. Taxes: Information about applicable taxes (e.g., VAT).

7. Additional Terms: Any other conditions or notes as necessary.

In international commercial practice, there are two types of invoice: commercial invoice and proforma invoice.

A commercial invoice is an essential document in international trade that facilitates the sale and shipment of goods across borders while ensuring compliance with legal and regulatory requirements.

It serves as an official record of the transaction and is critical for customs clearance processes.

Here are some purposes of a commercial invoice.

– customs clearance: The commercial invoice is required by customs authorities to determine the duties and taxes applicable to the shipment;

– proof of sale: It serves as a formal record of the transaction, which can be useful for both buyers and sellers for accounting and tax purposes;

– dispute resolution: In case of disputes regarding the sale or shipment of goods, the commercial invoice can be used as proof of the agreed-upon terms.

A proforma invoice is an informal document that serves as a quote for goods or services before a sale is finalized, helping both buyers and sellers manage expectations and logistics. Here are the purposes of a proforma invoice:

– quotation for approval: Acts as a quote for the buyer, allowing them to review and approve the proposed prices and terms before committing;

– budgeting: Helps buyers budget for upcoming purchases by providing them with an estimate of costs;

– customs purposes: Used in international transactions to declare the value of goods to customs authorities, even before the final invoice is issued;

– facilitating trade: Assists in expediting the trade process by providing crucial information before an actual sale takes place.